The Role of Indoor Wireless Networks in Key U.S. Industries

By Tracy Ford, Vice President, Member Services, WIA

In today’s fast-paced world, reliable indoor wireless networks have become essential for various industries to thrive. A variety of technologies make up the in-building wireless ecosystem, including distributed antenna systems, small cells, and private networks – each playing a vital role in providing robust coverage and capacity within structures. Let’s explore how different sectors are leveraging these networks to enhance their operations and customer experiences.

How is the healthcare industry using in-building wireless?

The U.S. healthcare industry is a technology leader, particularly in adopting advanced indoor wireless networks. These networks support key applications aimed at improving efficiencies, reducing expenses, and enhancing patient care. In 2022, the ambulatory healthcare services industry generated approximately $1.33 trillion in revenue, while the hospital subsector generated $1.37 trillion.

A survey conducted by WIA in September 2024 highlighted the importance of reliable indoor cellular connectivity for healthcare business operations. An impressive 94% of healthcare IT/network executives stated that reliable indoor cellular connectivity was very important or important to their business operations. The demand for in-building healthcare solutions is increasing, with nearly 267,000 indoor small-cell nodes in operation at the end of 2024.

How can in-building wireless support digital transformation in manufacturing?

The U.S. manufacturing sector is a significant part of the economy, contributing over 10% of the overall output and employing approximately 12.5 million people. In-building wireless networks are crucial for the manufacturing sector, especially as it moves towards Industry 4.0, which integrates physical manufacturing processes with AI, communications, and IT solutions. The adoption of smart manufacturing solutions, such as autonomous materials movement, automation of repetitive tasks, and predictive maintenance, is increasing to support digital transformation.

According to a survey conducted by WIA, 98% of enterprise IT managers and executives surveyed stated that reliable indoor cellular connectivity is essential for manufacturers’ business operations, with 51% saying they cannot do business without it. According to iGR, the number of indoor small-cell nodes serving the manufacturing markets increased by 130% from the end of 2023 to the end of 2024.

How are the stadiums and arenas using small cells?

The opportunity for in-building wireless networks in U.S. stadiums and arenas is expanding rapidly, driven by increasing demands for high-speed connectivity and enhanced fan experiences. The total market size of the sports arenas, stadiums, and entertainment facilities industry is estimated at $41.3 billion in 2024. Specifically, the U.S. smart stadium market is projected to grow from $1.9 billion in 2023 to $6.6 billion by 2030, with a CAGR of 19.4%.

According to iGR, the estimated number of indoor small-cell nodes in stadiums and arenas increased by 50% from 66,899 in 2023 to 100,420 in 2024. In-building wireless networks are essential for enhancing fan experiences, operational efficiency, and safety in stadiums and arenas. The demand for high-speed 5G and Wi-Fi 6 and 7 networks is increasing, particularly during large-scale events.

How is the hospitality industry using private wireless networks?

The U.S. hospitality and lodging industry is evolving post-pandemic, driven by technological advancements, changing guest expectations, and the need for operational efficiency. Hotel revenues have surged with increased travel demand, particularly in urban centers, luxury hotels, and resorts. Improving connectivity throughout hotel facilities is crucial for success.

According to IGR, the number of lodging buildings and total floor space has grown, with a 4.1% increase in buildings and a 3.8% increase in floor space from 2023 to 2024. The demand for in-building wireless solutions is increasing to enhance guest experiences and streamline operations, with over 91,000 indoor small-cell nodes in operation at the end of 2024. CBRS private networks have enjoyed some success in hotels, especially the larger facilities.

How is private 5G wireless being used to augment wi-fi for airports, rail and bus terminals? How are ports using small cells?

While Wi-Fi is used extensively in transportation buildings and terminals, especially for passenger connectivity, in-building wireless networks, specifically distributed antenna systems (DAS), have also been used for decades. Private 5G wireless networks are now being deployed to provide additional coverage and connectivity, and to enable a range of new services and applications.

The transportation sector presents more opportunities for the in-building wireless ecosystem as passenger and cargo volumes increase, new applications and services are developed and deployed, and the demands of travelers and customers increase. iGR has estimated a 6.7% increase in buildings for airports and a 2.4% increase in buildings for rail and bus terminals from 2023 to 2024. Total floor space for airports is estimated to increase by 10.5% and for rail and bus terminals by 2.1% from 2023 to 2024.

WIA’s In-Building Forum

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